Jasper hazeff



J. HAZEN.

Honey- Comb 'Framev No. 66,336, Patented July 2 1867.

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. @y il l 1i/'If @uiten gisten atrnt @frn JASPER HAZEN, VOF BETHLEHEM, NEW YORK. Laren Patent No. 66,336, .and July 2, v18er.

IMPROVEMENT 1N BBE-Hives.V

ro ALLfwHoM IT Mar coNcEnN.

Be it known that I,.IAS1 En HAZEN, of Bethlehem, in the county of Albany, and State of New York, have invented an improvement or improvements in Bee-Hives; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full 'and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 is the hive in perspective. Y

Figure 4 is the -hive in its simplest form. Y

Its front and back are boards twenty-four and one-half inches long, and twenty-four inches wide, with two boards, ten inches long and sixteen inches wide, nailed rmly to theinside one inch from the bottom, and reaching towards the top, seventeen inches. The short boards form the front and rear of the central apartment, twelve inches frm front to rear, ten inches from side to side, and seventeen inches high. The front and rear boards are held together byA two boards sixteen inches long andseven inches wide, nailed firmly across the bottom with their outer edges even with the outer edges ofthe hive, (see a a, fig. 4.) The top is heid together by two boards, sixteen inches long and six inchesnvide, nailed firmly to the top one-halt` inch from the outer edges of the uprights, and let down one inch, that their upper side may be just even with the top ofthe upright. boards. These are covered with the cap-board c, having a Vlip of one inch nailed upon the under s'ide of the cap-board to hold it in place, and cover every joint. It may tbe hung with hinges upon one side if preferred. The side chambers and top 'are enclosed by two shutters, ff, fig. l. They may be hung by hinges if preferred. A bottom beard, b, veighteen inches long and ten inches wide, hung by wire loops or hinges at pleasure between the foot boards a a completes the outer walls of the hive. The bottom board projects two inches in front for the bees to light upon, and is let down one-fourth or three-eighths of an inch for passing into the hive. The central apartment or home of the bees is separated from the side chambers ff, iig. 1, by two boards, fourteen inches wide and seventeen inches long, one oneaeh side, (see d, Figure 5,) held up by a pin, nail, or screw, (see s s, Figure G.) They, if used with the boxes z'z', g. 1, requirelslots n n. If not used with the boxes the slotsmay be closed. This without the slots n. n is used as movable partition between thecentral apartment and the side chambers, and with the slots n n. as Aa partition between the central apartment and the boxes z' g. 1, standing in the side chambers of the hive. The central apartment may be used with movable comb-frames, bars with side guides, either movable, or stationary, or bars without side guides, at pleasure. When thus occupied, covered with a board, straw mat, cr the ventilator and feeder, hereafter described, we have a swarmer-hve of a little more than two thousand cubic inches. This is our hive as a swarmer.

In the arrangement presented, I use either sixteen or eighteen boxes, twelve in the side chambers and four or six, either, in the top chamber. Perhaps I should explain. I call the spaces between the partitions d, tig. 5, and the doors ff, g. 1, below the level of the top of the central apartment, side chambers, andall above thatlevelthe top chambers, although there is no partition between them or in either of them. The boxes may be constructed of glass on one, two, three, or all sides, at pleasure, or all of wood. They are arranged by placing two side by side on each foot board, two more directly upon them, two more directly upon them. Six upon each side ll up the two side chambers.; Then four directly upon them, meeting each other in the centre, two upon a side, ill the top chamber, or two upon each side, reaching about one inch upon the top ofthe central apartment, and the space between, occupied by two more boxes, just fill up the space, which answers the same purpose, (see iz', fig. The size and number ofthe boxes may be varied at pleasure. The boxes are combined by corresponding horizontal apertures, as shown at z'z', iig. 1, in the right-hand tier of boxes, and vcrtically'by apertures corresponding with cach other from the bottom te the top box. Apertures shown in one box, n ln, Figure 8. The side boxes are combined with the central apartment by corresponding apertures through the inner side of the boxes in the side chambers z'z', iig. 1, and the movable partitions d, g. 5; or, what is a still more 4effective combination, remove the partition ci', tig. 5, entirely, and place the boxes in direct proximity with the becs. Cut apertures in fhcm at pleasure. The tcp boxes are combined with the central apartment by apertures through their bottoms, corresponding with spa-ces between the frames or bars. To construct this to t the size of the-hive described, I take a board one and one-half inch thick, fourteen inches long, and. ten and a halt` inches wide; with a circular saw cut slots quite through the board corresponding with the spacesbetween the frames or bars, more or less, at pleasure, (see v c, Figure 11.) I then turn `the boardthe other side up, and cut slots one and one-fourth inch deep, and one-fourth or threeheights of an inch wide to receive the feed, (see w w, iig. 11.) I thcn place the frame d, Figure 12, upon the board with straw within it, as there marked, and I have my ventilator and feeder.

This hive is precisely the sameas tig. 4, except ithas the addition of a. front and back shutter to give access to the upper chamber, constructed by cutting out apiece from the centre of the top of the uprights to the top andof the central apartment ten inches wide, nailing to it a half-inch board to go by one-half inch on each side, and one-half` inch below it, and connewith buttons, or in any other manner, (see e, Figure These differ from the last'inI having the door cut down to within four or iive inches ofthe bottom, the piece cut covered with half'- inch hearth-and fastened in the same manner. It will also bc requisite to remove the inside board from within three or four inches ofthe bottom to within two or three inches of the top of the central apartment, (see g, Figure 2.)

1. VInstead of the wide boards firent and rear,'t wo boards one foot wide may be used, fastened firmly together by the ten-inch board on thc inner side.' l

2. Instead of the wide board for the cap c', two boards eighteen inches long, with the lip upon tbe under side and well battened upon the top, may be used.

3. The hive may be constructed upon anl enlarged or diminished scale, at pleasure.

4. I am aware that several different hives have been constructed withside-and'top boxes placed upon shelves, having horizontal or vertical partitions, or both. To that combination ofbexes I make no claim, (see sections 5 and 6.)

The advantages secured by this combination of. the boxes with each other by their arrangement. andcdm:

bination with cach other by corresponding apertures between every set of'boxfesstanding side by side, arnl by apertures through the top of every lower box, and the bottom of every box above it, are-- i 1. With no shelves or partitions between the boxes we are saved .fromthe danger of sheltering' moths, worms, and other insects, which ind a shelter between the boxes and partitions and shelves and slides.

2. With the arrangement to remove the partition d, fig. 5, and bringthe boxes in immediate proximity with the bees, we give no shelter for worms there. v

3. W'e make the whole s'o much like one capacious room of between six-thousand and seven thousand cubic inches as to render 'swarming improbable. i

There are several advantages afforded by the movable partition, d, tig. 5: l

1. They enclose the central apartment for winter, and 'with the doors ff, fg. 1, atord opportunity, by filling the side and top chambers with saw-dust, chaff, or any other non-conducting material, to render the bees perfectly secure-from frost during the winter upon theirvstand.

2. They give access to the bees at both sides of the hive, for inspecting them, and removing the comb laterally if desired, or to take the outside combs'for surplus if the bees have more'than sufficient store for winter, thus reaching both sides with no trouble.

3. If fixedbars and guides are used, or only fixed bars', the bees maybe approached on both sides for inspection for removing worms.

4. In the fall season, if the swarm has more than a winters supply, surplus may be talen from the two outside combs, which furnish the best to bel found in the hive.

5. When the combs become old or are affected by worms, they may be removed at either side,one'half in each year, to be renewed with new comb by the bees.

6. It also furnishes the best possible chance to approaclrthe hive with movable combs to secure artificial swarms. V v

Used as it is presented prepared for winter, with the boxes all removed, natural swarms in their season will issue. With the boxes combined as shown in sections 5 and 6, and combined with the central apartment, we have a non-swarmerhive- 0f between six thousand and seven-thousand cubic inches. i

I claim the combination of the central apartment g, the movable partitions d d, and the side surplus-honey boxes iz', arranged in the manner described.

- JASPER HAZEN.

Witnesses:

H. N. Wicnns, G. OPPENUEIMER. 

